IEC 62822-3:2023 applies to equipment for resistance welding and allied processes designed for occupational use by professionals and for use by laymen. More generally, this document covers equipment for which the welding current flows in an electrical circuit whose geometry cannot be changed and regardless of the technology of the current generator (for example LF-AC, MF-DC for spot or seam welding or capacitive discharge used for stud welding). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) inclusion of the uncertainties in the results of the assessment; b) simplification of the methods of exposure assessment.<\/p>\n
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| 122<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 125<\/td>\n | Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 126<\/td>\n | English CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 130<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 132<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 133<\/td>\n | 3 Terms, definitions, quantities, units, constants and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 135<\/td>\n | 3.2 Quantities and units 3.3 Constants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 136<\/td>\n | 3.4 Symbols 4 Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 137<\/td>\n | 5 Assessment methods 5.1 General 5.2 Methods based on reference levels 5.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 138<\/td>\n | 5.2.2 Assessment based on measured magnetic field <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 139<\/td>\n | Figures Figure 1 \u2013 Exposure measurement at the head position Figure 2 \u2013 Exposure measurement at trunk position <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 140<\/td>\n | 5.2.3 Assessment based on measured welding current Figure 3 \u2013 Exposure measurement at limb positions (hands and thigh) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 142<\/td>\n | 5.3 Methods based on assessment of corporal quantities (basic restrictions) 5.3.1 General Figure 4 \u2013 Compliance perimeters according to reference levels (action levels) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 143<\/td>\n | 5.3.2 Method based on coupling coefficients <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 145<\/td>\n | 5.3.3 Method based on the correction factor Figure 5 \u2013 Compliance perimeters according to basic restrictions(exposure limit values) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 146<\/td>\n | 5.3.4 Method based on the human model simulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 147<\/td>\n | Figure 6 \u2013 Magnetic field around the human body obtained by source modelling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 148<\/td>\n | 5.3.5 Result comparison 6 Measurement considerations 6.1 Measurement instruments for magnetic fields or exposure levels 6.1.1 General Figure 7 \u2013 Example of induced electric field in a human bodyexposed to a welding gun (I = 1kA to 50 Hz) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 149<\/td>\n | 6.1.2 Probe(s) 6.1.3 Handheld field meter 6.1.4 Measurement system with separate elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 150<\/td>\n | 6.2 Instruments for recording 6.2.1 Welding current recording 6.2.2 Magnetic field recording <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 151<\/td>\n | 6.3 Signal processing (applicable to any welding current waveform) 6.3.1 General 6.3.2 Application of the weighted peak method in the time domain 6.3.3 Spatial averaging 6.3.4 Time averaging 6.4 Uncertainty of assessment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 152<\/td>\n | 7 Computational assessment methods 7.1 General 7.2 Quasi-static approximation 7.3 Human body models for simulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 153<\/td>\n | 7.4 Computational assessment against the basic restrictions Tables Table 1 \u2013 Examples of human models to determine inducedelectric fields in the low frequency range <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 154<\/td>\n | 8 Source model 8.1 General 8.2 Source model example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 155<\/td>\n | Figure 8 \u2013 Welding current flowing in a (a \u00d7 b) rectangular loop configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 156<\/td>\n | 9 EMF data sheet and assessment report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 158<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative)Example of assessment based on the individual components A.1 General A.2 Welding current generator Figure A.1 \u2013 Assessment of a complete welding system Figure A.2 \u2013 Typical component based assessment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 159<\/td>\n | Figure A.3 \u2013 LF-AC (left) and MF-DC (right) current waveforms Figure A.4 \u2013 Combined ELV for the sensory and health effects applicable to the head <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 160<\/td>\n | Figure A.5 \u2013 Current exposure indices over the time for two welding technologies Table A.1 \u2013 Current exposure index for LF-AC technology (Irms = 11,4 kA) Table A.2 \u2013 GP current exposure index for LF-AC technology (Irms = 11,4 kA) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 161<\/td>\n | A.3 Coupling coefficient of welding circuit Figure A.6 \u2013 Geometry of the stationary spot welding gun Figure A.7 \u2013 Welding electric circuit model (in m)and one point of interest along the X axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 162<\/td>\n | A.4 Welding-system Figure A.8 \u2013 Coupling coefficient CCBI along the X axis Figure A.9 \u2013 Exposure index (AL) along the X axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 163<\/td>\n | Figure A.10 \u2013 Exposure index (ELV) along the X axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 164<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative)Example datasheets B.1 Example current generator datasheet Figure B.1 \u2013 Example datasheet of the power source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 165<\/td>\n | B.2 Example datasheet of the welding circuit Figure B.2 \u2013 Example datasheet of the electrode assembly <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 166<\/td>\n | B.3 Example datasheets of equipment assembly Figure B.3 \u2013 Datasheet example of the welding system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 167<\/td>\n | Figure B.4 \u2013 Example datasheet of the welding system (continuation) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 168<\/td>\n | Figure B.5 \u2013 Example datasheet of the welding system (continuation) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 169<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative)Coupling coefficient method C.1 Principle C.2 Validation of this method C.2.1 Context Table C.1 \u2013 Representative disk radius (geometric model) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 170<\/td>\n | C.2.2 Basic restriction against health effects C.2.3 Basic restriction against sensory effects Figure C.1 \u2013 Distribution of human to disk model exposure index ratios (health effects of ELV on trunk and hands) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 171<\/td>\n | C.3 Conclusion Figure C.2 \u2013 Distribution of human to disk model exposure index ratios(sensory and health effects of ELV on the head) Table C.2 \u2013 Coupling coefficients <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 173<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative)Correction factor method D.1 General D.2 Principle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 174<\/td>\n | D.3 Example of correction factor finding D.3.1 Context D.3.2 Correction factor for the trunk and limbs D.3.3 Correction factor for the head Figure D.1 \u2013 Distribution of correction factor kE for health effects on trunk and hands <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 175<\/td>\n | D.4 Conclusion Figure D.2 \u2013 Distribution of correction factor kE for effects on the head (sensory and health) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 176<\/td>\n | Annex E (informative)Example of exposure assessments on a welding machine E.1 General E.2 Description of the spot welding workstation E.3 Exposure conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 177<\/td>\n | Figure E.1 \u2013 Welding gun and its electric circuit model (yellow dash segments) Figure E.2 \u2013 Magnetic field distribution around the exposed body <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 178<\/td>\n | E.4 Main simulation parameters and results E.4.1 Main simulation parameters Figure E.3 \u2013 Configuration and electric field distribution on the exposed body (for 1 kA at f = 50 Hz) Figure E.4 \u2013 Electric field distribution on hands (for 1 kA at f = 50 Hz) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 179<\/td>\n | E.4.2 Simulation results E.5 Exposure assessments E.5.1 General E.5.2 Method based on magnetic field calculation E.5.3 Method based on coupling coefficients Table E.1 \u2013 Coupling coefficients for the magnetic field and on human model Table E.2 \u2013 Results based on magnetic field calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 180<\/td>\n | E.5.4 Method based on the correction factor E.5.5 Method based on the human model Table E.3 \u2013 Results based on coupling coefficients Table E.4 \u2013 Results based on the correction factor Table E.5 \u2013 Results based on human model <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 181<\/td>\n | E.6 Conclusion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 182<\/td>\n | Annex F (informative)Computational methods F.1 General F.2 SPFD method F.3 Quasi-static \u2013 Finite element method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 183<\/td>\n | F.4 Impedance method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 184<\/td>\n | F.5 Hybrid technique of FEM and SPFD method F.6 Computation of the magnetic vector potential <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 186<\/td>\n | Annex G (informative)Averaging algorithms G.1 Current density averaging over an area G.1.1 General G.1.2 Calculation of the current density in a Cartesian voxel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 187<\/td>\n | G.1.3 Calculation of the current density in a tetrahedron G.1.4 Calculation of Javg Figure G.1 \u2013 Field components on voxel edges <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 188<\/td>\n | G.2 E-field averaging in a cubical volume G.3 E-field averaging along an averaging distance G.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 189<\/td>\n | G.3.2 Algorithm to construct the integration path <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 190<\/td>\n | Annex H (informative)Correspondence table between time domain and frequency domain Table H.1 \u2013 Transcription of formulae <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 192<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tracked Changes. Electric welding equipment. Assessment of restrictions related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 Hz) – Resistance welding equipment<\/b><\/p>\n |