{"id":111593,"date":"2024-10-18T16:13:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T16:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ieee-c37-91-2008\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T22:02:04","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T22:02:04","slug":"ieee-c37-91-2008","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ieee\/ieee-c37-91-2008\/","title":{"rendered":"IEEE C37.91 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"

Revision Standard – Active. Revision of IEEE Std C37.91-2000. This guide is intended to provide protection engineers and 1 other readers with guidelines for protecting three-phase power transformers of more than 5 MVA rated capacity and operating at voltages exceeding 10 kV. In some cases, a user may apply the techniques described in this guide for protecting transformers of less than 5 MVA ratings or operating at voltages less than 10 kV. The guide provides information to assist protection engineers in applying properly relays and other devices to protect transformers used in transmission and distribution systems. General philosophy, practical applications, and economic considerations involved in power transformer protection are discussed. Emphasis is placed on practical applications. Types of faults in transformers are described. Technical problems with the protection systems, including the behavior of current transformers (CTs) during system faults, are discussed. Associated problems, such as fault clearing and re-energization, are discussed as well.<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nIEEE Std C37.91-2008 Front cover <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nTitle page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nIntroduction
Notice to users
Laws and regulations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nCopyrights
Updating of IEEE documents
Errata
Interpretations
Patents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nParticipants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nContents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\nImportant notice
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
2. Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n3. Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n4. Device numbers
5. Philosophy and economic considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n6. Types of failures in transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n7. Relay currents
7.1 Minimum internal faults <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n7.2 Maximum internal faults
7.3 Performance of current transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n7.4 Reasons for mismatch <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n8. Electrical detection of faults <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n8.1 Fuse protection and self-powered resettable fault interrupters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n8.2 Differential protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n8.3 Overcurrent relay protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n8.4 Ground-fault protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n8.5 Fault detection for special-purpose transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n8.6 Backup and external fault protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n8.7 Temperature relays <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n8.8 Miscellaneous relays
9. Mechanical detection of faults
9.1 Gas accumulator relay
9.2 Gas detector relay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n9.3 Pressure relays <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n10. Thermal detection of abnormalities
10.1 Thermal relays for winding temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n10.2 Other means of thermal protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n11. Fault clearing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n11.1 Relay tripping circuits
11.2 Circuit breakers
11.3 Tripping of remote circuit breakers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n11.4 Circuit switcher
11.5 Fuses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n11.6 Self-powered resettable fault interrupters
12. Reenergizing practice <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n13. Gas analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n13.1 Level of TDCG and rate of change of TDCG approach <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n13.2 Ratio of gases approach <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n14. Special protective schemes
14.1 Overall unit generator differential <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n14.2 Unit transformer of three-legged core form type
14.3 Grounding transformer inside the main transformer differential zone <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n14.4 Unbalanced voltage protection for wye-connected, three-legged, core-type transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n14.5 Differential protection of single-phase transformers connected in three-phase banks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n14.6 Differential protection of a bank of three single-phase autotransformers with delta tertiary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n14.7 Differential protection of single-phase transformers in a three-phase bank with a spare transformer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n15. Other considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\nAnnex A (informative) Application of the transformer through-fault-current duration guide to the protection of power transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IEEE Guide for Protecting Power Transformers<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IEEE<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2008<\/td>\n151<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":111594,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2644],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-111593","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-ieee","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/111593","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=111593"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=111593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}