FEMA BuildingCodesSave 2020
$35.75
Building Codes Save: A Nationwide Study
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| FEMA | 2020 | 189 |
None
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 4 | Executive Summary |
| 11 | Table of Contents |
| 17 | Acronyms and Abbreviations |
| 19 | Glossary |
| 26 | 1 Introduction |
| 27 | 1.1 Goals of the Building Code Saves Study |
| 28 | 1.2 Background on International Codes |
| 29 | 1.2.1 Code Development Process 1.2.2 Code Adoption |
| 30 | 1.2.3 History |
| 31 | 1.2.4 Cost Impact of Building Codes |
| 32 | 1.3 Summary of Phases 1, 2, and 3 |
| 33 | 1.3.1 Phase 1: Pilot Study 1.3.2 Phase 2: FEMA Region IV Demonstration Study 1.3.3 Phase 3: Development of National Methodology |
| 34 | 1.4 Organization of the Report |
| 35 | 2 Overview of the National Methodology 2.1 Applied National Methodology |
| 39 | 2.2 Why Hazus? 2.3 Hazard Design Level Events |
| 40 | 2.4 Simulations for Building Code Provisions 2.4.1 Hazus Runs or Simulations for Pre-I-Code Provisions 2.4.2 Hazus Runs or Simulations with I-Code or Similar Provisions |
| 41 | 2.4.3 One-Year Code Adoption Lag 2.5 Losses Avoided Computations |
| 42 | 3 Data Collection and Filtering |
| 43 | 3.1 Building Code Adoption Data 3.1.1 State-Level Code Adoption |
| 44 | 3.1.2 Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule Data |
| 46 | 3.2 Parcel-Level Assessor Data |
| 47 | 3.2.1 Acquisition, Filtering, and Formatting of CoreLogic Data |
| 51 | 3.2.2 Other Parcel Data Sources |
| 52 | 3.2.3 Hazus Replacement Cost Model |
| 53 | 3.3 Data Quality |
| 56 | 3.3.1 Accuracy and Gaps 3.3.1.1 CoreLogic Data 3.3.1.2 Building Code Data |
| 57 | 3.3.1.3 Additional Sources of Information 3.3.1.4 Gap Filling |
| 59 | 3.3.2 Data Processing and Quality Control |
| 62 | 4 Flood Hazard Analysis |
| 63 | 4.1 Flood Code Adoption 4.1.1 Selection of Freeboard as Primary Modeling Practice |
| 65 | 4.1.2 Sources of Freeboard Adoption Data |
| 68 | 4.2 Flood Hazard Data 4.2.1 Flood Hazard Mapping |
| 69 | 4.2.2 Flood Profile Modeling |
| 73 | 4.3 Flood Modeling Methodology 4.3.1 Flood Depth Damage Functions 4.3.1.1 Summary of DDFs |
| 77 | 4.3.2 Modeling Procedure |
| 78 | 4.4 Flood Modeling Results |
| 79 | 4.4.1 County-Level Results: California and Florida Annual Losses Avoided 4.4.1.1 Floodplain Analysis and Freeboard Adoption 4.4.1.2 Loss Avoidance Values |
| 85 | 4.4.2 National Annual Losses Avoided 4.4.2.1 Floodplain Analysis and Freeboard Adoption |
| 88 | 4.4.2.2 Loss Avoidance Values |
| 93 | 5 Hurricane Wind Hazard Analysis |
| 94 | 5.1 Wind Code Adoption |
| 95 | 5.1.1 Overview of Wind Code Adoption in the Hurricane Wind Hazard Study Area |
| 98 | 5.1.2 Wind Codes and Standards by Year of Construction |
| 102 | 5.2 Wind Hazard Data |
| 106 | 5.3 Wind Modeling Methodology |
| 110 | 5.4 Hurricane Wind Modeling Results 5.4.1 Florida Average Annual Losses Avoided 5.4.1.1 Post-2000 Florida Building Replacement Value |
| 112 | 5.4.1.2 Florida Losses Avoided |
| 117 | 5.4.2 National Average Annual Losses Avoided |
| 126 | 5.4.3 Savings Based on Year of Construction |
| 128 | 6 Seismic Hazard Analysis |
| 131 | 6.1 Seismic Code Adoption 6.1.1 Identification of the Pre-IBC Code 6.1.2 History of Code Requirements for One- and Two-Family Dwellings |
| 132 | 6.1.3 Code Histories by State |
| 136 | 6.2 Seismic Modeling Methodology |
| 137 | 6.2.1 Development of Final Analysis Datasets |
| 139 | 6.2.1.1 Advanced Engineering Building Module Inputs Based on Occupancy, Structure Type, and Design Level |
| 140 | 6.2.2 Hazus Earthquake AAL and Customization of the Hazus AEBM Code |
| 141 | 6.3 Seismic Modeling Results 6.3.1 Average Annual Losses and Losses Avoided |
| 144 | 6.3.2 Normalized Loss Ratios |
| 145 | 6.3.3 Negative Losses Avoided |
| 147 | 6.3.4 Losses by Occupancy |
| 150 | 7 Findings |
| 151 | 7.1 Comparison of Results by Hazard 7.1.1 Tabular Comparisons |
| 155 | 7.1.2 Mapped Comparisons |
| 160 | 7.2 Comparison of Results by Demographics 7.2.1 Hazard Level and Growth Rate |
| 163 | 7.2.2 Residential Opportunity 7.2.3 Income-Driven Opportunities |
| 166 | 7.3 Future AALA Estimates – Extrapolating Results |
| 167 | 7.3.1 I-Code AALA Growth in the Future |
| 168 | 7.3.2 I-Code AALA Extrapolation to the Whole Built Environment |
| 170 | 8 Advancing Community Benefits 8.1 Economic Considerations |
| 171 | 8.1.1 Community Benefits Evaluation |
| 173 | 8.1.2 Rapid Recovery 8.2 Outreach and Effective Communication |
| 174 | 8.3 Portfolio of Supported Elements and Programs |
| 176 | 9 Conclusions and Actions for Resilience 9.1 Conclusions of National Building Code Saves Study |
| 177 | 9.2 Next Steps: Actions for Resilience 9.2.1 Residential Resilience |
| 178 | 9.2.2 Community Strengthening: The Final Case for Code Benefits |
| 179 | 10 References |
| 187 | 11 Acknowledgements |
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