ASTM-E2081:2010 Edition

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E2081-00(2010)e1 Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2010	95

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Category: ASTM

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Description

1.1 This is a guide for conducting risk-based corrective action (RBCA) at chemical release sites based on protecting human health and the environment. The RBCA is a consistent decision-making process for the assessment and response to chemical releases. Chemical release sites vary greatly in terms of complexity, physical and chemical characteristics, and in the risk that they may pose to human health and the environment. The RBCA process recognizes this diversity by using a tiered approach that integrates site assessment and response actions with human health and ecological risk assessment to determine the need for remedial action and to tailor corrective action activities to site-specific conditions and risks. The evaluations and methods used in the RBCA process begin with simple analyses in Tier 1 and move to more complex evaluations in either Tier 2 or Tier 3, as applicable. The process of gathering and evaluating data is conducted in a scaled fashion. Consequently, only the data that are necessary for a particular tier’s decision-making are collected at that tier.

1.2 This guide describes an approach for risk-based corrective action. It is intended to help direct and streamline the corrective action process and to complement but not to supersede federal, state and local regulations. It can be employed at sites where corrective action is being conducted including sites where there may not be a regulatory framework for corrective action, or where the user wishes to conduct corrective action such as sites in voluntary cleanup programs or under Brownfields initiatives. In addition, it can also be used as a unifying framework when several different agency programs affect the site. Furthermore, the user should be aware of the federal, state and local corrective action programs that are applicable for the site and, regardless of the program, federal, state and local agency approvals may be required to implement the processes outlined in this guide. Finally, regardless of whether a corrective action is specifically governed by a regulatory program, the user should consult the regulatory agency requirements to identify the appropriate technical policy decisions prior to implementing the RBCA process.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	Scope
3	Referenced Documents Terminology
7	Significance and Use
8	A Tiered Approach to Risk-Based Corrective Action (RBCA) Risk-Based Corrective Action (RBCA) Procedures
9	FIG. 1
10	FIG. 2
11	FIG. 3
13	TABLE 1
18	X1. CONSIDERATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A RBCA PROGRAM X1.1 Introduction X1.2 Overview of RBCA Development Process X1.3 Selecting the Framework
19	X1.4 Administrative Actions
20	X1.5 Technical Policy Decisions TABLE X1.1
24	X1.6 RBCA Program Documentation
25	X1.7 Specialized Program Elements
27	X1.8 Education/Outreach X1.9 Stakeholder Involvement Activities
29	X1.10 RBCA Program Evaluation X1.11 Available Resources
30	X2. CHEMICALS: THE ROLE THAT PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS PLAY IN THE RBCA PROCESS X2.1 Introduction X2.2 Issues for the User X2.3 TABLE X1.2
31	TABLE X2.1
33	TABLE X2.2
34	TABLE X2.3
37	X2.4
38	TABLE X2.4
39	X2.5 TABLE X2.5
40	X3. DEVELOPMENT OF EXAMPLE RISK-BASED SCREENING LEVELS (RBSLs) X3.1 Introduction TABLE X2.6
41	TABLE X3.1
42	TABLE X3.1
43	TABLE X3.1
44	TABLE X3.1
45	TABLE X3.1
46	TABLE X3.1
47	TABLE X3.1
48	TABLE X3.1
49	TABLE X3.1
50	TABLE X3.1
51	TABLE X3.1
52	TABLE X3.1
53	TABLE X3.1
54	TABLE X3.1
55	TABLE X3.1
56	TABLE X3.1
57	TABLE X3.1
58	TABLE X3.2
61	TABLE X3.3
64	TABLE X3.4
67	X3.2 Air-Inhalation of Vapors (Outdoors/Indoors) X3.3 Ground Water-Ingestion of Ground Water X3.4 Ground Water-Inhalation of Outdoor Vapors FIG. X3.1
68	X3.5 Ground Water-Inhalation of Enclosed-Space (Indoor) Vapors X3.6 Surficial Soils-Ingestion, Dermal Contact, and Vapor and Particulate Inhalation FIG. X3.2
69	X3.7 Subsurface Soils-Inhalation of Outdoor Vapors X3.8 Subsurface Soils-Inhalation of Enclosed-Space (Indoor) Vapors FIG. X3.3 FIG. X3.4
70	X3.9 Subsurface Soils-Leaching to Ground Water FIG. X3.5 FIG. X3.6
71	X3.10 Free-phase Liquid Migration in Unsaturated Soils X3.11 Free-phase Liquid Migration in Saturated Soils
72	X3.12 Parameter Values
73	X4. THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN THE RISK-BASED CORRECTIVE ACTION PROCESS X4.1 X4.2
74	X4.3 X4.4 X4.5
75	X4.6 X4.7
76	X4.8 X5. RISK-BASED CORRECTIVE ACTION FOR PROTECTION OF ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES (ECO-RBCA) X5.1 X5.2 X5.3
77	X5.4
78	X5.5 X5.6 X6. ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS, INCLUDING INSTITUTIONAL AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS X6.1 X6.2
79	X6.3 X6.4 X6.5 X6.6 Statutory Mandates X6.7 Deed Restrictions
80	X6.8 Use Restrictions X6.9 Access Controls X6.10 Monitoring Programs X6.11 Notice X6.12 Record Notice: X6.13 Actual Notice:
81	X6.14 Notice to Government Authorities X6.15 Registry Act Requirements X6.16 Transfer Act Requirements X6.17 Contractual Obligations and Agreements X6.18 Restrictive Zoning
82	X7. RISK-BASED CORRECTIVE ACTION CASE EXAMPLES X7.1 Introduction X7.2 Agricultural Chemical Formulation and Distribution Facility
83	FIG. X7.1
85	FIG. X7.2
89	X7.3 Operating Industrial Facility
90	FIG. X7.3
91	FIG. X7.4
93	X8. OTHER RESOURCES
94	REFERENCES