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ASTM-C1720:2011 Edition

ASTM-C1720:2011 Edition

$58.50

C1720-11 Standard Test Method for Determining Liquidus Temperature of Immobilized Waste Glasses and Simulated Waste Glasses

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASTM 2011 21
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ASTM C1720-11

Historical Standard: Standard Test Method for Determining Liquidus Temperature of Immobilized Waste Glasses and Simulated Waste Glasses

ASTM C1720

Scope

1.1 These practices cover procedures for determining the liquidus temperature (TL) of nuclear waste, mixed nuclear waste, simulated nuclear waste, or hazardous waste glass in the temperature range from 600Ā°C to 1600Ā°C. This method differs from Practice C829 in that it employs additional methods to determine TL. TL is useful in waste glass plant operation, glass formulation, and melter design to determine the minimum temperature that must be maintained in a waste glass melt to make sure that crystallization does not occur or is below a particular constraint, for example, 1 volume % crystallinity or T1%. As of now, many institutions studying waste and simulated waste vitrification are not in agreement regarding this constraint (1).

1.2 Three methods are included, differing in (1) the type of equipment available to the analyst (that is, type of furnace and characterization equipment), (2) the quantity of glass available to the analyst, (3) the precision and accuracy desired for the measurement, and (4) candidate glass properties. The glass properties, for example, glass volatility and estimated TL, will dictate the required method for making the most precise measurement. The three different approaches to measuring TL described here include the following: (A) Gradient Temperature Furnace Method (GT), (B) Uniform Temperature Furnace Method (UT), and (C) Crystal Fraction Extrapolation Method (CF). This procedure is intended to provide specific work processes, but may be supplemented by test instructions as deemed appropriate by the project manager or principle investigator. The methods defined here are not applicable to glasses that form multiple immiscible liquid phases. Immiscibility may be detected in the initial examination of glass during sample preparation (see 9.3). However, immiscibility may not become apparent until after testing is underway.

1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Keywords

calibration; gradient furnace; liquidus temperature; uniform

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 81.040.10 (Raw materials and raw glass)

DOI: 10.1520/C1720-11

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 Scope
Referenced Documents
Terminology
3 Summary of Test Method
FIG. 1
4 FIG. 2
5 FIG. 3
FIG. 4
6 FIG. 5
7 Significance and Use
Apparatus
8 Reagents and Materials
Hazards
Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
9 Preparation of Apparatus
Calibration and Standardization
10 Procedure
11 FIG. 6
12 FIG. 7
FIG. 8
13 FIG. 9
14 FIG. 10
15 FIG. 11
16 Calculation or Interpretation of Results
Report
Precision and Bias
17 Keywords
TABLE 2
18 A1. CARE OF THE PLATINUM CRUCIBLES AND TRAYS
A1.1
A1.2
FIG. 12
19 A1.3
A1.4
20 X1. THIS EXHIBIT SHOWS AN EXAMPLE DATA SHEET THAT CAN BE USED TO TRACK THE HEAT-TREATMENTS ON A PARTICULAR SAMPLE
21 REFERENCES

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