International Piping Code This Code is applicable to piping in gaseous and liquid hydrogen service and to pipelines in gaseous hydrogen service. This Code is applicable up to and including the joint connecting the piping to associated pressure vessels and equipment but not to the vessels and equipment themselves. It is applicable to the location and type of support elements but not to the structure to which the support elements are attached. This Code is presented in the following parts: (a) Part GR — General Requirements. This part contains definitions and requirements for materials, welding, brazing, heat treating, forming, testing, inspection, examination, operation, and maintenance. (b) Part IP — Industrial Piping. This part includes requirements for components, design, fabrication, assembly, erection, inspection, examination, and testing of piping. (c) Part PL — Pipelines. This part sets forth requirements for components, design, installation, and testing of hydrogen pipelines. It is required that each part be used in conjunction with the General Requirements section but independent of the other parts. It is not intended that this edition of this Code be applied retroactively to existing hydrogen systems.

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5	CONTENTS
11	FOREWORD
12	ASME B31 COMMITTEE ROSTER
15	ASME B31.12- 2014 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
17	Chapter GR-1 Scope and Definitions GR-1.1 SCOPE GR-1.2 RESPONSIBILITIES
18	GR-1.3 INTENT OF THE CODE GR-1.4 PACKAGED EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS GR-1.5 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
27	GR-1.6 B31.12 APPENDICES
28	GR-1.7 NOMENCLATURE
29	Chapter GR-2 Materials GR-2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
30	Tables Table GR-2.1.1-1 Material Specification Index for Piping and Pipe Components
33	Table GR-2.1.1-2 Material Specification Index for Pipelines
35	Table GR-2.1.2-1 Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals
36	Figures Fig. GR-2.1.2-1 Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
37	Table GR-2.1.2-2 Tabular Values for Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
38	Fig. GR-2.1.2-2 Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature Without Impact Testing
39	Table GR-2.1.3-1 Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
40	Table GR-2.1.3-2 Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction
41	Table GR-2.1.3-3 Minimum Required Charpy V-Notch Impact Values
43	GR-2.2 JOINING AND AUXILIARY MATERIALS
44	Chapter GR-3 Welding, Brazing, Heat Treating, Forming, and Testing GR-3.1 GENERAL GR-3.2 WELDING AND BRAZING
47	GR-3.3 WELDING AND BRAZING MATERIALS GR-3.4 CONSTRUCTION OF WELDMENTS
49	Fig. GR-3.4.3-1 Geometry of Weld Joint Detail Single Vee Groove Butt With Extended Land Fig. GR-3.4.3-2 Geometry of Weld Joint Detail Square Butt Weld Fig. GR-3.4.3-3 Unequal Pipe Component Thicknesses, Thicker Components Bored for Alignment Fig. GR-3.4.3-4 Geometry of Weld Joint Detail Single Vee Groove Butt, Open Root
50	Fig. GR-3.4.3-5 Unequal Pipe Component Thicknesses, Thicker Components Taper-Bored to Align Fig. GR-3.4.3-6 Geometry of Weld Joint Detail Single Vee Groove Butt, Continuous Flat Backing Ring Fig. GR-3.4.3-7 Geometry of Weld Joint Detail Single Vee Groove Butt, Continuous Tapered Backing Ring
51	Fig. GR-3.4.3-8 Geometry of Weld Joint Detail Single Vee Groove Butt, Consumable Insert Fig. GR-3.4.3-9 Preparation and Alignment of Pipe Branch to Pipe Header Connection
52	Fig. GR-3.4.4-1 Geometry of Weld Deposit Single Vee Groove Butt, Open Root Fig. GR-3.4.4-2 Geometry of Weld Deposit Root Single Vee Groove Butt With Extended Land (Without Filler Metal) Fig. GR-3.4.4-3 Geometry of Weld Deposit Square Butt End (Without Filler Metal)
53	Fig. GR-3.4.5-1 Welding End Transition — Maximum Envelope
54	Table GR-3.4.6-1 Weld Reinforcement
55	Fig. GR-3.4.6-1 Geometry of Weld Deposit Single Vee Groove Butt, Open Root With Concavity Fig. GR-3.4.7-1 Fillet Weld Size
56	Fig. GR-3.4.7-2 Typical Details for Double-Welded Slip-On Flanges Fig. GR-3.4.7-3 Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket Welding Components to Pipe Including Fit-Up Detail
57	Fig. GR-3.4.9-1 Typical Welded Branch Connections
58	Fig. GR-3.4.9-2 Acceptable Details for Pipe Branch Attachment Welds
59	Fig. GR-3.4.9-3 Acceptable Detail for Branch Connection of Pipe Fitting Fig. GR-3.4.9-4 Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Suitable for 100% Radiography
60	GR-3.5 PREHEATING FOR WELDMENTS GR-3.6 HEAT TREATMENT
61	Table GR-3.5-1 Preheat Temperatures Table GR-3.6.1-1 Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Weldments
63	GR-3.7 SPECIFIC AND ALTERNATIVE HEAT TREAT REQUIREMENTS GR-3.8 CONSTRUCTION OF BRAZEMENTS
64	Fig. GR-3.8-1 Joints for Tubular Components
66	GR-3.9 FORMING OF PIPE COMPONENTS GR-3.10 TESTING
67	Chapter GR-4 Inspection, Examination, and Testing GR-4.1 GENERAL GR-4.2 INSPECTION GR-4.3 EXAMINATION
68	GR-4.4 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION
69	GR-4.5 EXTENT OF REQUIRED EXAMINATION AND TESTING GR-4.6 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA GR-4.7 SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION GR-4.8 EXAMINATIONS TO RESOLVE UNCERTAINTY GR-4.9 DEFECTIVE COMPONENTS AND WORKMANSHIP GR-4.10 PROGRESSIVE SAMPLING FOR EXAMINATION GR-4.11 TESTING GR-4.12 RECORDS GR-4.13 NDE DEFINITIONS
71	Chapter GR-5 Operation and Maintenance GR-5.1 GENERAL GR-5.2 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN
73	GR-5.3 MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
75	GR-5.4 LEAKAGE SURVEYS GR-5.5 REPAIR PROCEDURES GR-5.6 INJURIOUS DENTS AND MECHANICAL DAMAGE
77	GR-5.7 PERMANENT REPAIR OF WELDS WITH DEFECTS GR-5.8 PERMANENT FIELD REPAIR OF LEAKS AND NONLEAKING CORRODED AREAS GR-5.9 PERMANENT FIELD REPAIR OF HYDROGEN STRESS CRACKING IN HARD SPOTS AND STRESS CORROSION CRACKING GR-5.10 TESTING AND EXAMINATION OF REPAIRS GR-5.11 VALVE MAINTENANCE
78	GR-5.12 TRANSMISSION PIPELINE MAINTENANCE
79	GR-5.13 ABANDONING OF TRANSMISSION FACILITIES GR-5.14 DECOMMISSIONING OF TRANSMISSION FACILITIES GR-5.15 RECOMMISSIONING OF TRANSMISSION FACILITIES GR-5.16 REPOSITIONING A PIPELINE IN SERVICE
80	GR-5.17 TESTING FOR INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT OF IN-SERVICE PIPELINES
81	GR-5.18 DISTRIBUTION PIPELINE MAINTENANCE GR-5.19 LEAKAGE SURVEYS GR-5.20 LEAKAGE INVESTIGATION AND ACTION
82	GR-5.21 REPAIR, TESTING, AND EXAMINATION OF MAINS OPERATING AT HOOP STRESS LEVELS AT OR ABOVE 30% OF THE SPECIFIED MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH GR-5.22 REQUIREMENTS FOR ABANDONING, DISCONNECTING, AND REINSTATING DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES
83	GR-5.23 MAINTENANCE OF SPECIFIC FACILITIES
85	Chapter GR-6 Quality System Program for Hydrogen Piping and Pipeline Systems GR-6.1 QUALITY SYSTEM PROGRAM GR-6.2 QUALITY MANUAL GR-6.3 QUALITY SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
88	Chapter IP-1 Scope and Responsibilities IP-1.1 SCOPE IP-1.2 RESPONSIBILITIES IP-1.3 INTENT IP-1.4 DETERMINING CODE REQUIREMENTS
89	Chapter IP-2 Design Conditions and Criteria IP-2.1 DESIGN CONDITIONS
90	IP-2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA
93	Table IP-2.2.8-1 Increased Casting Quality Factors, Ec Table IP-2.2.8-2 Acceptance Levels for Castings
94	Table IP-2.2.9-1 Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor, Ej
97	Chapter IP-3 Pressure Design of Piping Components IP-3.1 GENERAL IP-3.2 STRAIGHT PIPE Table IP-3.2-1 Values of Coefficient Y for t < D/6
98	IP-3.3 CURVED AND MITERED SEGMENTS OF PIPE Fig. IP-3.3.1-1 Nomenclature for Pipe Bends Fig. IP-3.3.3-1 Nomenclature for Miter Bends
99	IP-3.4 BRANCH CONNECTIONS
101	Fig. IP-3.4.2-1 Branch Connection Nomenclature
103	Fig. IP-3.4.3-1 Extruded Outlet Header Nomenclature
105	IP-3.5 CLOSURES IP-3.6 PRESSURE DESIGN OF FLANGES AND BLANKS Table IP-3.5-1 ASME BPV Code Section VIII, Division 1 References for Closures
106	IP-3.7 REDUCERS IP-3.8 PRESSURE DESIGN OF OTHER COMPONENTS
107	Fig. IP-3.6.3-1 Blanks
108	Chapter IP-4 Service Requirements for Piping Components IP-4.1 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS IP-4.2 BOLTING AND TAPPED HOLES FOR COMPONENTS
109	Chapter IP-5 Service Requirements for Piping Joints IP-5.1 SCOPE IP-5.2 WELDED JOINTS IP-5.3 FLANGED JOINTS
110	IP-5.4 EXPANDED JOINTS
111	IP-5.5 THREADED JOINTS IP-5.6 CAULKED JOINTS IP-5.7 BRAZED AND SOLDERED JOINTS
112	IP-5.8 SPECIAL JOINTS
113	Chapter IP-6 Flexibility and Support IP-6.1 FLEXIBILITY OF PIPING
116	Fig. IP-6.1.5-1 Moments in Bends
117	Fig. IP-6.1.5-2 Moments in Branch Connections
118	IP-6.2 PIPING SUPPORTS
121	Chapter IP-7 Specific Piping Systems IP-7.1 INSTRUMENT PIPING IP-7.2 PRESSURE-RELIEVING SYSTEMS
122	Chapter IP-8 Dimensions and Ratings of Components IP-8.1 DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS IP-8.2 RATINGS OF COMPONENTS IP-8.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
123	Table IP-8.1.1-1 Component Standards
124	Chapter IP-9 Fabrication, Erection, and Assembly IP-9.1 GENERAL IP-9.2 RESPONSIBILITY IP-9.3 CONTENT AND COVERAGE IP-9.4 PACKAGED EQUIPMENT PIPING IP-9.5 EXCLUSIONS IP-9.6 FABRICATION AND ERECTION IP-9.7 CONSTRUCTION OF WELDMENTS
125	IP-9.8 PREHEATING FOR WELDMENTS IP-9.9 HEAT TREATMENT IP-9.10 SPECIFIC AND ALTERNATIVE HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS IP-9.11 CONSTRUCTION OF BRAZEMENTS IP-9.12 BENDING AND FORMING OF PIPE AND TUBE Table IP-9.6.3-1 Hardness Testing Acceptance Criteria
126	IP-9.13 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION IP-9.14 THREADED JOINTS IP-9.15 TUBING JOINTS IP-9.16 EXPANDED JOINTS AND SPECIAL JOINTS
127	IP-9.17 PIPE ATTACHMENTS AND SUPPORTS IP-9.18 CLEANING OF PIPING Fig. IP-9.14-1 Typical Threaded Joints Using Straight Threads
128	Chapter IP-10 Inspection, Examination, and Testing IP-10.1 SCOPE IP-10.2 RESPONSIBILITY IP-10.3 INSPECTIONS BY OWNER’S INSPECTOR IP-10.4 EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS
129	Table IP-10.4.2-1 Required Nondestructive Examinations
130	Table IP-10.4.3-1 Acceptance Criteria for Weldments and Methods for Evaluating Weld Imperfections
131	Table IP-10.4.3-2 Hardness Testing Acceptance Criteria for Weldments Table IP-10.4.3-3 Criterion Value Notes for Table IP-10.4.3-1
133	IP-10.5 TESTING
134	IP-10.6 HYDROSTATIC LEAK TEST
135	IP-10.7 PNEUMATIC LEAK TEST IP-10.8 HYDROSTATIC–PNEUMATIC LEAK TEST IP-10.9 SENSITIVE LEAK TEST IP-10.10 ALTERNATIVE LEAK TEST
136	IP-10.11 MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL TESTING IP-10.12 RECORDS OF TESTING
137	Chapter PL-1 Scope and Exclusions PL-1.1 SCOPE PL-1.2 CONTENT AND COVERAGE PL-1.3 EXCLUSIONS
138	Chapter PL-2 Pipeline Systems Components and Fabrication Details PL-2.1 PURPOSE PL-2.2 PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS
140	PL-2.3 REINFORCEMENT OF FABRICATED BRANCH CONNECTIONS
141	PL-2.4 MULTIPLE OPENINGS AND EXTRUDED OUTLETS
142	PL-2.5 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY Table PL-2.3.2-1 Reinforcement of Fabricated Branch Connections, Special Requirements
143	PL-2.6 DESIGN FOR LONGITUDINAL STRESS Table PL-2.5.2-1 Thermal Expansion of Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Table PL-2.5.5-1 Modulus of Elasticity for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel
145	PL-2.7 SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGE FOR EXPOSED PIPING
146	PL-2.8 ANCHORAGE FOR BURIED PIPING
147	Chapter PL-3 Design, Installation, and Testing PL-3.1 PROVISIONS FOR DESIGN PL-3.2 BUILDINGS INTENDED FOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY
148	PL-3.3 CONSIDERATIONS NECESSARY FOR CONCENTRATIONS OF PEOPLE IN LOCATION CLASS 1 OR 2 PL-3.4 INTENT PL-3.5 RISK ASSESSMENT
149	PL-3.6 LOCATION CLASS AND CHANGES IN NUMBER OF BUILDINGS INTENDED FOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY Table PL-3.6.1-1 Location Class
151	PL-3.7 STEEL PIPELINE Table PL-3.7.1-1 Basic Design Factor, F (Used With Option A) Table PL-3.7.1-2 Basic Design Factor, F (Used With Option B) Table PL-3.7.1-3 Temperature Derating Factor, T, for Steel Pipe
153	Table PL-3.7.1-4 Nominal Chemical Composition Within a Specification/Grade
154	Table PL-3.7.1-5 Design Factors for Steel Pipe Construction (Used With Option A) Table PL-3.7.1-6 Design Factors for Steel Pipe Construction (Used With Option B)
156	Table PL- 3.7.5- 1 Maximum Degree of Bending
157	PL-3.8 HOT TAPS PL-3.9 PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT COMBUSTION OF HYDROGEN–AIR MIXTURES DURING CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS
158	PL-3.10 TESTING AFTER CONSTRUCTION
159	PL-3.11 COMMISSIONING OF FACILITIES PL-3.12 PIPE-TYPE AND BOTTLE-TYPE HOLDERS
160	PL-3.13 CONTROL AND LIMITING OF HYDROGEN GAS PRESSURE
162	PL-3.14 UPRATING
163	PL-3.15 VALVES
164	PL-3.16 VAULT PROVISIONS FOR DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND INSTALLATION OF PIPELINE COMPONENTS
165	PL-3.17 LOCATION FOR CUSTOMERS’ METER AND REGULATOR INSTALLATIONS PL-3.18 HYDROGEN GAS SERVICE LINES
166	PL-3.19 INSPECTION AND EXAMINATION
169	PL-3.20 REPAIR OR REMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE WELDS IN PIPING INTENDED TO OPERATE AT HOOP STRESS LEVELS OF 20% OR MORE OF THE SPECIFIED MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH PL-3.21 STEEL PIPELINE SERVICE CONVERSIONS
171	MANDATORY APPENDIX I DESIGN OF ABOVEGROUND HYDROGEN GAS PIPELINE FACILITIES I-1 COMPRESSOR STATIONS
173	I-2 DESIGN OF INSTRUMENT, CONTROL, AND SAMPLE PIPING I-3 MISCELLANEOUS PIPING ASSEMBLIES
175	MANDATORY APPENDIX II REFERENCE STANDARDS
179	MANDATORY APPENDIX III SAFEGUARDING III-1 SCOPE III-2 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS III-3 SAFEGUARDING BY PLANT LAYOUT AND OPERATION III-4 ENGINEERED SAFEGUARDS
181	MANDATORY APPENDIX IV NOMENCLATURE
185	MANDATORY APPENDIX V (In preparation)
186	MANDATORY APPENDIX VI PREPARATION OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES VI-1 INTRODUCTION VI-2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
187	VI-3 CODE REVISIONS OR ADDITIONS VI-4 CASES VI-5 CODE INTERPRETATIONS
188	MANDATORY APPENDIX VII GAS LEAKAGE AND CONTROL CRITERIA VII-1 SCOPE VII-2 DEFINITIONS VII-3 LEAKAGE SURVEY AND TEST METHODS
190	VII-4 INSTRUMENTS FOR THE DETECTION OF GAS VII-5 LEAKAGE CLASSIFICATION AND ACTION CRITERIA VII-6 PINPOINTING
191	Table VII-5.3-1 Leak Classification and Action Criteria: Grade 1
192	Table VII-5.3-2 Leak Classification and Action Criteria: Grade 2 Table VII-5.3-3 Leak Classification and Action Criteria: Grade 3
194	MANDATORY APPENDIX VIII (In preparation)
195	MANDATORY APPENDIX IX ALLOWABLE STRESSES AND QUALITY FACTORS FOR METALLIC PIPING, PIPELINE, AND BOLTING MATERIALS IX-1 INTRODUCTION IX-2 TABLE IX-1 IX-3 TABLE IX-3 IX-4 TABLE IX-5
196	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Carbon Steel)
200	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Low and Intermediate Alloy Steel)
204	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Stainless Steel)
208	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Copper and Copper Alloy)
210	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Nickel and Nickel Alloy)
212	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Aluminum Alloy)
215	Table IX-1A Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metal Piping Materials (Notes)
218	Table IX-1B Specified Minimum Yield Strength for Steel Pipe Commonly Used in Pipeline Systems
219	Table IX-2 Basic Casting Quality Factors, Ec
220	Table IX-3A Basic Quality Factors for Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes, Tubes, and Fittings, Ej
223	Table IX-3B Longitudinal Joints Factors for Pipeline Materials
224	Table IX-4 Design Stress Values for Bolting Materials
231	Table IX-5A Carbon Steel Pipeline Materials Performance Factor, Hf Table IX-5B Carbon Steel Piping Materials Performance Factor, Mf Table IX-5C Low and Intermediate Alloy Steels Performance Factor, Mf
232	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A PRECAUTIONARY CONSIDERATIONS A-1 GENERAL A-2 MATERIALS
235	A-3 WELDING, BRAZING, HEAT TREATING, FORMING, AND TESTING (SEE CHAPTER GR-3)
238	A-4 GENERAL INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING — SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS (SEE PARA. GR-4.1) A-5 INDUSTRIAL PIPING DESIGN CONDITIONS (SEE CHAPTER IP-2)
239	A-6 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS — EXPANSION JOINTS (SEE PARA. IP-3.8.4) A-7 SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR VALVES AND SPECIALTY PIPING COMPONENTS (SEE PARA. IP-4.1)
240	A-8 SPECIFIC INDUSTRIAL PIPING SYSTEMS — STOP VALVES IN PRESSURE RELIEF PIPING (SEE PARA. IP-7.2.1) A-9 INDUSTRIAL PIPING FABRICATION, ERECTION, AND ASSEMBLY
241	A-10 INDUSTRIAL PIPING INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING A-11 PREHEATING FOR PIPELINE (SEE PARA. PL-3.19)
242	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B ALTERNATIVE RULES FOR EVALUATING STRESS RANGE B-1 GENERAL B-2 LIMITS OF CALCULATED STRESSES DUE TO SUSTAINED LOADS AND DISPLACEMENT STRAINS B-3 FLEXIBILITY STRESSES B-4 REQUIRED WELD QUALITY ASSURANCE B-5 REACTIONS
243	B-6 MAXIMUM REACTIONS FOR SIMPLE SYSTEMS B-7 MAXIMUM REACTIONS FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS
244	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR PROOF TESTING OF PIPELINES IN PLACE C-1 INTRODUCTION C-2 HYDROSTATIC TESTING
245	C-3 PNEUMATIC TESTING
247	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D ESTIMATING STRAIN IN DENTS D-1 STRAIN D-2 ESTIMATING STRAIN
248	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E SAMPLE CALCULATIONS FOR BRANCH REINFORCEMENT IN PIPING E-1 INTRODUCTION E-2 EXAMPLE 1 E-3 EXAMPLE 2
250	E-4 EXAMPLE 3
251	E-5 EXAMPLE 4 E-6 EXAMPLE 5 (NOT ILLUSTRATED)
252	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F WELDED BRANCH CONNECTIONS AND EXTRUDED HEADERS IN PIPELINE SYSTEMS F-1 DEFINITIONS AND LIMITATIONS F-2 EXAMPLES ILLUSTRATING THE APPLICATION OF THE RULES FOR REINFORCEMENT OF WELDED BRANCH CONNECTIONS
259	B31.12 Code Cases

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Standard Title	ASME B31.12 Hydrogen Piping and Pipelines
Published Code	ASME
Publication Date	2014
Pages Count	272

ASME B31.12 2014

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